Grammar: ている (te iru)
Key Points
ている is one of important expressions using て-form.
ている is mainly used to describe actions in progress, ongoing states, habits, and “on” states.
Meanings
- Ongoing actions (e.g., “Moon-chan is studying”).
- Continuing states (e.g., “The chair is broken”).
- Habitual actions (e.g., “I eat salad every day”).
- “On” states (e.g., “Peppy is on the chair”).
Sentence Construction
Use the te-form of the verb before “いる” (iru).
- Group 2 & 3 Verbs: Remove “-masu” and add “て” (te).
- Group 1 Verbs:
- If the word before “-masu” ends in “i” or “chi,” drop it and add “って” (tte) (e.g., 買います (kaimasu) becomes 買って (katte)).
- If the word before “-masu” ends in “bi,” “mi,” or “ni,” replace it with “んで” (nde) (e.g., 死にます (shinimasu) becomes 死んで (shinde)).
- Irregular verbs like 行きます (ikimasu) become 行って (itte).
Example Sentences
週末はよく映画を見てる (Shuumatsu wa yoku eiga o miteru) – I often watch movies on weekends.
今雨が降っている (Ima ame ga futte iru) – It’s raining now.
窓が開いている (Mado ga aite iru) – The window is open.
ムーンちゃんはゲームをしています (Moon-chan wa geemu o shite imasu) – Moon-chan is playing a game.
毎日サラダを食べています (Mainichi sarada o tabete imasu) – I eat salad every day.
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